System Design

Think Before
You Build.

Architecture breakdowns, trade-off analyses, and deep dives into building systems that scale — written from production experience.

10 Designs
11 Topics
10 designs
02

Designing Search Autocomplete

DatabasesCachingAPIsScalability

How Google finishes your sentence — trie data structures, top-K prefix queries, distributed aggregation of search trends, and serving suggestions in under 50ms.

Medium
03

Designing a Ride-Sharing App (Uber/Lyft)

GeospatialReal-timeDistributed SystemsDatabases

Matching riders to drivers in real-time — geospatial indexing, dynamic pricing, the dispatch algorithm, and how to handle the thundering herd when it starts raining.

High
04

Designing a Web Crawler

Distributed SystemsDatabasesScalability

How Google indexes the internet — distributed BFS across billions of pages, politeness constraints, content deduplication, and the surprisingly hard problem of deciding what to crawl next.

Medium
05

Designing a Distributed Key-Value Store

Distributed SystemsDatabasesConsistencyScalability

Building a Redis or DynamoDB from scratch — consistent hashing, replication, the CAP theorem, quorum reads and writes, and conflict resolution with vector clocks.

High
06

Designing a Video Streaming Platform

CDNDistributed SystemsScalabilityDatabases

How Netflix and YouTube store, encode, and deliver video to 200M concurrent viewers — adaptive bitrate streaming, CDN architecture, and the encoding pipeline.

High
07

Designing a News Feed (Twitter/Instagram)

Distributed SystemsCachingDatabasesScalability

How social platforms generate personalized feeds for hundreds of millions of users — fan-out strategies, ranking signals, and the push vs pull debate.

High
08

Designing a Chat System

Real-timeWebSocketsDatabasesDistributed Systems

Behind the scenes of real-time messaging — WebSockets, message storage, delivery guarantees, presence indicators, and how WhatsApp serves 100B messages per day.

Medium
09

Designing a Rate Limiter

Distributed SystemsAPIsRedisScalability

How to protect your APIs from abuse and ensure fair usage — covering token buckets, sliding windows, distributed counters, and where to enforce limits.

Low
10

Designing a URL Shortener

Distributed SystemsCachingDatabasesScalability

A deep dive into building a production-grade URL shortening service — from hashing strategies and DB schema to caching layers and horizontal scaling.

Medium